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urllib

Request HTTP URLs in a complex world — basic and digest authentication, redirections, cookies, timeout and more.

Install

$ npm install urllib --save

Usage

callback

var urllib = require('urllib');

urllib.request('http://cnodejs.org/', function (err, data, res) {
  if (err) {
    throw err; // you need to handle error
  }
  console.log(res.statusCode);
  console.log(res.headers);
  // data is Buffer instance
  console.log(data.toString());
});

Promise

If you've installed bluebird, bluebird will be used. urllib does not install bluebird for you.

Otherwise, if you're using a node that has native v8 Promises (v0.11.13+), then that will be used.

Otherwise, this library will crash the process and exit, so you might as well install bluebird as a dependency!

var urllib = require('urllib');

urllib.request('http://nodejs.org').then(function (result) {
  // result: {data: buffer, res: response object}
  console.log('status: %s, body size: %d, headers: %j', result.res.statusCode, result.data.length, result.res.headers);
}).catch(function (err) {
  console.error(err);
});

co & generator

If you are using co or koa:

var co = require('co');
var urllib = require('urllib');

co(function* () {
  var result = yield urllib.requestThunk('http://nodejs.org');
  console.log('status: %s, body size: %d, headers: %j',
    result.status, result.data.length, result.headers);
})();

Global `response` event

You should create a urllib instance first.

var httpclient = require('urllib').create();

httpclient.on('response', function (info) {
  error: err,
  ctx: args.ctx,
  req: {
    url: url,
    options: options,
    size: requestSize,
  },
  res: res
});

httpclient.request('http://nodejs.org', function (err, body) {
  console.log('body size: %d', body.length);
});

API Doc

Method: `http.request(url[, options][, callback])`

Arguments

url String | Object - The URL to request, either a String or a Object that return by url.parse.
options Object - Optional
- method String - Request method, defaults to GET. Could be GET, POST, DELETE or PUT. Alias 'type'.
- data Object - Data to be sent. Will be stringify automatically.
- dataAsQueryString Boolean - Force convert data to query string.
- content String | Buffer - Manually set the content of payload. If set, data will be ignored.
- stream stream.Readable - Stream to be pipe to the remote. If set, data and content will be ignored.
- writeStream stream.Writable - A writable stream to be piped by the response stream. Responding data will be write to this stream and callback will be called with data set null after finished writing.
- consumeWriteStream [true] - consume the writeStream, invoke the callback after writeStream close.
- contentType String - Type of request data. Could be json. If it's json, will auto set Content-Type: application/json header.
- nestedQuerystring Boolean - urllib default use querystring to stringify form data which don't support nested object, will use qs instead of querystring to support nested object by set this option to true.
- dataType String - Type of response data. Could be text or json. If it's text, the callbacked data would be a String. If it's json, the data of callback would be a parsed JSON Object and will auto set Accept: application/json header. Default callbacked data would be a Buffer.
- fixJSONCtlChars Boolean - Fix the control characters (U+0000 through U+001F) before JSON parse response. Default is false.
- headers Object - Request headers.
- timeout Number | Array - Request timeout in milliseconds for connecting phase and response receiving phase. Defaults to exports.TIMEOUT, both are 5s. You can use timeout: 5000 to tell urllib use same timeout on two phase or set them seperately such as timeout: [3000, 5000], which will set connecting timeout to 3s and response 5s.
- auth String - username:password used in HTTP Basic Authorization.
- digestAuth String - username:password used in HTTP Digest Authorization.
- agent http.Agent - HTTP Agent object. Set false if you does not use agent.
- httpsAgent https.Agent - HTTPS Agent object. Set false if you does not use agent.
- ca String | Buffer | Array - An array of strings or Buffers of trusted certificates. If this is omitted several well known "root" CAs will be used, like VeriSign. These are used to authorize connections. Notes: This is necessary only if the server uses the self-signed certificate
- rejectUnauthorized Boolean - If true, the server certificate is verified against the list of supplied CAs. An 'error' event is emitted if verification fails. Default: true.
- pfx String | Buffer - A string or Buffer containing the private key, certificate and CA certs of the server in PFX or PKCS12 format.
- key String | Buffer - A string or Buffer containing the private key of the client in PEM format. Notes: This is necessary only if using the client certificate authentication
- cert String | Buffer - A string or Buffer containing the certificate key of the client in PEM format. Notes: This is necessary only if using the client certificate authentication
- passphrase String - A string of passphrase for the private key or pfx.
- ciphers String - A string describing the ciphers to use or exclude.
- secureProtocol String - The SSL method to use, e.g. SSLv3_method to force SSL version 3.
- followRedirect Boolean - follow HTTP 3xx responses as redirects. defaults to false.
- maxRedirects Number - The maximum number of redirects to follow, defaults to 10.
- formatRedirectUrl Function - Format the redirect url by your self. Default is url.resolve(from, to).
- beforeRequest Function - Before request hook, you can change every thing here.
- streaming Boolean - let you get the res object when request connected, default false. alias customResponse
- gzip Boolean - Accept gzip response content and auto decode it, default is false.
- timing Boolean - Enable timing or not, default is false.
- enableProxy Boolean - Enable proxy request, default is false.
- proxy String | Object - proxy agent uri or options, default is null.
callback(err, data, res) Function - Optional callback.
- err Error - Would be null if no error accured.
- data Buffer | Object - The data responsed. Would be a Buffer if dataType is set to text or an JSON parsed into Object if it's set to json.
- res http.IncomingMessage - The response.

Returns

http.ClientRequest - The request.

Calling .abort() method of the request stream can cancel the request.

Options: `options.data`

When making a request:

urllib.request('http://example.com', {
  method: 'GET',
  data: {
    'a': 'hello',
    'b': 'world'
  }
});

For GET request, data will be stringify to query string, e.g. http://example.com/?a=hello&b=world.

For others like POST, PATCH or PUT request, in defaults, the data will be stringify into application/x-www-form-urlencoded format if Content-Type header is not set.

If Content-type is application/json, the data will be JSON.stringify to JSON data format.

Options: `options.content`

options.content is useful when you wish to construct the request body by yourself, for example making a Content-Type: application/json request.

Notes that if you want to send a JSON body, you should stringify it yourself:

urllib.request('http://example.com', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json'
  },
  content: JSON.stringify({
    a: 'hello',
    b: 'world'
  })
});

It would make a HTTP request like:

POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "a": "hello",
  "b": "world"
}

This exmaple can use options.data with application/json content type:

urllib.request('http://example.com', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json'
  },
  data: {
    a: 'hello',
    b: 'world'
  }
});

Options: `options.stream`

Uploads a file with formstream:

var urllib = require('urllib');
var formstream = require('formstream');

var form = formstream();
form.file('file', __filename);
form.field('hello', '你好urllib');

var req = urllib.request('http://my.server.com/upload', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: form.headers(),
  stream: form
}, function (err, data, res) {
  // upload finished
});

Response Object

Response is normal object, it contains:

status or statusCode: response status code.
- -1 meaning some network error like ENOTFOUND
- -2 meaning ConnectionTimeoutError
headers: response http headers, default is {}
size: response size
aborted: response was aborted or not
rt: total request and response time in ms.
timing: timing object if timing enable.
remoteAddress: http server ip address
remotePort: http server ip port

Response: `res.aborted`

If the underlaying connection was terminated before response.end() was called, res.aborted should be true.

require('http').createServer(function (req, res) {
  req.resume();
  req.on('end', function () {
    res.write('foo haha\n');
    setTimeout(function () {
      res.write('foo haha 2');
      setTimeout(function () {
        res.socket.end();
      }, 300);
    }, 200);
    return;
  });
}).listen(1984);

urllib.request('http://127.0.0.1:1984/socket.end', function (err, data, res) {
  data.toString().should.equal('foo haha\nfoo haha 2');
  should.ok(res.aborted);
  done();
});

HttpClient2

HttpClient2 is a new instance for future. request method only return a promise, compatible with async/await and generator in co.

Options

options extends from urllib, besides below

retry Number - a retry count, when get an error, it will request again until reach the retry count.
retryDelay Number - wait a delay(ms) between retries.
isRetry Function - determine whether retry, a response object as the first argument. it will retry when status >= 500 by default. Request error is not included.

Proxy

Support both http and https protocol.

Notice: Only support on Node.js >= 4.0.0

Programming

urllib.request('https://twitter.com/', {
  enableProxy: true,
  proxy: 'http://localhost:8008',
}, (err, data, res) => {
  console.log(res.status, res.headers);
});

System environment variable

http

HTTP_PROXY=http://localhost:8008
http_proxy=http://localhost:8008

https

HTTP_PROXY=http://localhost:8008
http_proxy=http://localhost:8008
HTTPS_PROXY=https://localhost:8008
https_proxy=https://localhost:8008

$ http_proxy=http://localhost:8008 node index.js

TODO

Support component
Browser env use Ajax
[√] Support Proxy
[√] Upload file like form upload
[√] Auto redirect handle
[√] https & self-signed certificate
[√] Connection timeout & Response timeout
[√] Support Accept-Encoding=gzip by options.gzip = true
[√] Support Digest access authentication

License

MIT

README.md